chessv2/game.go

package chess

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
)

const (
	startFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1"
)

// A Outcome is the result of a game.
type Outcome string

const (
	// NoOutcome indicates that a game is in progress or ended without a result.
	NoOutcome Outcome = "*"
	// WhiteWon indicates that white won the game.
	WhiteWon Outcome = "1-0"
	// BlackWon indicates that black won the game.
	BlackWon Outcome = "0-1"
	// Draw indicates that game was a draw.
	Draw Outcome = "1/2-1/2"
)

// String implements the fmt.Stringer interface
func (o Outcome) String() string {
	return string(o)
}

// A Method is the method that generated the outcome.
type Method uint8

const (
	// NoMethod indicates that an outcome hasn't occurred or that the method can't be determined.
	NoMethod Method = iota
	// Checkmate indicates that the game was won checkmate.
	Checkmate
	// Resignation indicates that the game was won by resignation.
	Resignation
	// DrawOffer indicates that the game was drawn by a draw offer.
	DrawOffer
	// Stalemate indicates that the game was drawn by stalemate.
	Stalemate
	// ThreefoldRepetition indicates that the game was drawn when the game
	// state was repeated three times and a player requested a draw.
	ThreefoldRepetition
	// FivefoldRepetition indicates that the game was automatically drawn
	// by the game state being repeated five times.
	FivefoldRepetition
	// FiftyMoveRule indicates that the game was drawn by the half
	// move clock being one hundred or greater when a player requested a draw.
	FiftyMoveRule
	// SeventyFiveMoveRule indicates that the game was automatically drawn
	// when the half move clock was one hundred and fifty or greater.
	SeventyFiveMoveRule
	// InsufficientMaterial indicates that the game was automatically drawn
	// because there was insufficient material for checkmate.
	InsufficientMaterial
)

// TagPair represents metadata in a key value pairing used in the PGN format.
type TagPair struct {
	Key   string
	Value string
}

// A Game represents a single chess game.
type Game struct {
	Notation             Notation
	TagPairs             []*TagPair
	Moves                []*Move
	Positions            []*Position
	Pos                  *Position
	Outcome              Outcome
	Method               Method
	IgnoreAutomaticDraws bool
}

// PGN takes a reader and returns a function that updates
// the game to reflect the PGN data.  The PGN can use any
// move notation supported by this package.  The returned
// function is designed to be used in the NewGame constructor.
// An error is returned if there is a problem parsing the PGN data.
func PGN(r io.Reader) (func(*Game), error) {
	b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	game, err := decodePGN(string(b))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return func(g *Game) {
		g.copy(game)
	}, nil
}

// FEN takes a string and returns a function that updates
// the game to reflect the FEN data.  Since FEN doesn't encode
// prior moves, the move list will be empty.  The returned
// function is designed to be used in the NewGame constructor.
// An error is returned if there is a problem parsing the FEN data.
func FEN(fen string) (func(*Game), error) {
	pos, err := decodeFEN(fen)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return func(g *Game) {
		pos.inCheck = isInCheck(pos)
		g.Pos = pos
		g.Positions = []*Position{pos}
		g.updatePosition()
	}, nil
}

// TagPairs returns a function that sets the tag pairs
// to the given value.  The returned function is designed
// to be used in the NewGame constructor.
func TagPairs(tagPairs []*TagPair) func(*Game) {
	return func(g *Game) {
		g.TagPairs = append([]*TagPair(nil), tagPairs...)
	}
}

// UseNotation returns a function that sets the game's notation
// to the given value.  The notation is used to parse the
// string supplied to the MoveStr() method as well as the
// any PGN output.  The returned function is designed
// to be used in the NewGame constructor.
func UseNotation(n Notation) func(*Game) {
	return func(g *Game) {
		g.Notation = n
	}
}

// NewGame defaults to returning a game in the standard
// opening position.  Options can be given to configure
// the game's initial state.
func NewGame(options ...func(*Game)) *Game {
	pos, _ := decodeFEN(startFEN)
	game := &Game{
		Notation:  AlgebraicNotation{},
		Moves:     []*Move{},
		Pos:       pos,
		Positions: []*Position{pos},
		Outcome:   NoOutcome,
		Method:    NoMethod,
	}
	for _, f := range options {
		if f != nil {
			f(game)
		}
	}
	return game
}

// Move updates the game with the given move.  An error is returned
// if the move is invalid or the game has already been completed.
func (g *Game) Move(m *Move) error {
	valid := moveSlice(g.ValidMoves()).find(m)
	if valid == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("chess: invalid move %s", m)
	}
	g.Moves = append(g.Moves, valid)
	g.Pos = g.Pos.Update(valid)
	g.Positions = append(g.Positions, g.Pos)
	g.updatePosition()
	return nil
}

// MoveStr decodes the given string in game's notation
// and calls the Move function.  An error is returned if
// the move can't be decoded or the move is invalid.
func (g *Game) MoveStr(s string) error {
	m, err := g.Notation.Decode(g.Pos, s)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return g.Move(m)
}

// ValidMoves returns a list of valid moves in the
// current position.
func (g *Game) ValidMoves() []*Move {
	return g.Pos.ValidMoves()
}

// PositionsHistory returns the position history of the game.
func (g *Game) PositionsHistory() []*Position {
	return append([]*Position(nil), g.Positions...)
}

// MovesHistory returns the move history of the game.
func (g *Game) MovesHistory() []*Move {
	return append([]*Move(nil), g.Moves...)
}

// GetTagPairs returns the game's tag pairs.
func (g *Game) GetTagPairs() []*TagPair {
	return append([]*TagPair(nil), g.TagPairs...)
}

// Position returns the game's current position.
func (g *Game) Position() *Position {
	return g.Pos
}

// GameOutcome returns the game outcome.
func (g *Game) GameOutcome() Outcome {
	return g.Outcome
}

// OutcomeMethod returns the method in which the outcome occurred.
func (g *Game) OutcomeMethod() Method {
	return g.Method
}

// FEN returns the FEN notation of the current position.
func (g *Game) FEN() string {
	return g.Pos.String()
}

// String implements the fmt.Stringer interface and returns
// the game's PGN.
func (g *Game) String() string {
	return encodePGN(g)
}

// MarshalText implements the encoding.TextMarshaler interface and
// encodes the game's PGN.
func (g *Game) MarshalText() (text []byte, err error) {
	return []byte(encodePGN(g)), nil
}

// UnmarshalText implements the encoding.TextUnarshaler interface and
// assumes the data is in the PGN format.
func (g *Game) UnmarshalText(text []byte) error {
	game, err := decodePGN(string(text))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	g.copy(game)
	return nil
}

// Draw attempts to draw the game by the given method.  If the
// method is valid, then the game is updated to a draw by that
// method.  If the method isn't valid then an error is returned.
func (g *Game) Draw(method Method) error {
	switch method {
	case ThreefoldRepetition:
		if g.numOfRepitions() < 3 {
			return errors.New("chess: draw by ThreefoldRepetition requires at least three repetitions of the current board state")
		}
	case FiftyMoveRule:
		if g.Pos.halfMoveClock < 100 {
			return fmt.Errorf("chess: draw by FiftyMoveRule requires the half move clock to be at 100 or greater but is %d", g.Pos.halfMoveClock)
		}
	case DrawOffer:
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("chess: unsupported draw method %s", method.String())
	}
	g.Outcome = Draw
	g.Method = method
	return nil
}

// Resign resigns the game for the given color.  If the game has
// already been completed then the game is not updated.
func (g *Game) Resign(color Color) {
	if g.Outcome != NoOutcome || color == NoColor {
		return
	}
	if color == White {
		g.Outcome = BlackWon
	} else {
		g.Outcome = WhiteWon
	}
	g.Method = Resignation
}

// EligibleDraws returns valid inputs for the Draw() method.
func (g *Game) EligibleDraws() []Method {
	draws := []Method{DrawOffer}
	if g.numOfRepitions() >= 3 {
		draws = append(draws, ThreefoldRepetition)
	}
	if g.Pos.halfMoveClock >= 100 {
		draws = append(draws, FiftyMoveRule)
	}
	return draws
}

// AddTagPair adds or updates a tag pair with the given key and
// value and returns true if the value is overwritten.
func (g *Game) AddTagPair(k, v string) bool {
	for i, tag := range g.TagPairs {
		if tag.Key == k {
			g.TagPairs[i].Value = v
			return true
		}
	}
	g.TagPairs = append(g.TagPairs, &TagPair{Key: k, Value: v})
	return false
}

// GetTagPair returns the tag pair for the given key or nil
// if it is not present.
func (g *Game) GetTagPair(k string) *TagPair {
	for _, tag := range g.TagPairs {
		if tag.Key == k {
			return tag
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// RemoveTagPair removes the tag pair for the given key and
// returns true if a tag pair was removed.
func (g *Game) RemoveTagPair(k string) bool {
	cp := []*TagPair{}
	found := false
	for _, tag := range g.TagPairs {
		if tag.Key == k {
			found = true
		} else {
			cp = append(cp, tag)
		}
	}
	g.TagPairs = cp
	return found
}

func (g *Game) updatePosition() {
	method := g.Pos.Status()
	if method == Stalemate {
		g.Method = Stalemate
		g.Outcome = Draw
	} else if method == Checkmate {
		g.Method = Checkmate
		g.Outcome = WhiteWon
		if g.Pos.Turn() == White {
			g.Outcome = BlackWon
		}
	}
	if g.Outcome != NoOutcome {
		return
	}

	// five fold rep creates automatic draw
	if !g.IgnoreAutomaticDraws && g.numOfRepitions() >= 5 {
		g.Outcome = Draw
		g.Method = FivefoldRepetition
	}

	// 75 move rule creates automatic draw
	if !g.IgnoreAutomaticDraws && g.Pos.halfMoveClock >= 150 && g.Method != Checkmate {
		g.Outcome = Draw
		g.Method = SeventyFiveMoveRule
	}

	// insufficient material creates automatic draw
	if !g.IgnoreAutomaticDraws && !g.Pos.board.hasSufficientMaterial() {
		g.Outcome = Draw
		g.Method = InsufficientMaterial
	}
}

func (g *Game) copy(game *Game) {
	g.TagPairs = game.GetTagPairs()
	g.Moves = game.MovesHistory()
	g.Positions = game.PositionsHistory()
	g.Pos = game.Pos
	g.Outcome = game.Outcome
	g.Method = game.Method
}

// Clone clones a game
func (g *Game) Clone() *Game {
	return &Game{
		TagPairs:  g.GetTagPairs(),
		Notation:  g.Notation,
		Moves:     g.MovesHistory(),
		Positions: g.PositionsHistory(),
		Pos:       g.Pos,
		Outcome:   g.Outcome,
		Method:    g.Method,
	}
}

func (g *Game) numOfRepitions() int {
	count := 0
	for _, pos := range g.PositionsHistory() {
		if g.Pos.samePosition(pos) {
			count++
		}
	}
	return count
}